Monday, May 14, 2012
Dokumen Standard Prestasi (Dunia Sains & Teknologi) Tahun 1
Terdapat kesilapan kecil pada kulit hadapan DSP ini. Para guru sila mengubah (Tahun 2) kepada (Tahun 1) pada kulit hadapan DSP ini sebelum mencetak. Sekian, terima kasih.
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Wednesday, May 9, 2012
尊重他人
一位白人妇女带着6岁大的儿子出远门，叫来了计程车，司机是位黑人。
这6岁的儿子从未见过黑人，心中非常的害怕，问妈妈：『这人是不是坏人，怎麽会长得黑噜噜？』 黑人司机听了很难过。 此时白人妇女告诉儿子：『这位司机叔叔，不是坏人，他是一个很好的人。』
儿子沉默半晌再问道：『既然他不是坏人，那他是不是做了什麽坏事，所以天父在惩罚他』黑人听了泪水在眼眶中打转，他很想知道这白人妇女怎样回答？ 妈妈说：『他是个很好的人, 也没有做坏事。 咱们家花园的花、有红、有白、有黄…是不是？』
『是啊！是啊！』
『那花的种子是不是都黑色的？』孩子想了一下，『对啊！都是黑的。』『黑色的种子，开出色彩鲜美的花朵，让这世界多采多姿，是不是？』 『是啊！』孩子恍然大悟地说： 『那司机叔叔不是坏人喽！感谢司机叔叔，您让这世界多采多姿，我要为您祈祷。』
天真的孩子在一旁祷告着，黑人司机的泪水夺眶而下，心想：『为黑人被世人瞧不起身，今日，这位白人妇女如此温婉地教导孩子，解除孩子心中对我的恐惧，为我祈祷与祝福，真得好好的谢谢她。』
此时，目的地到了，黑人司机坚持不收钱，他说：“小时曾问过母亲同样的问题，母亲说我们是黑人，注定低人一等，如果她换成你的回答，今天我定会有不同的成就。”
Thursday, May 3, 2012
Wednesday, May 2, 2012
About World Press Freedom Day
3 May was proclaimed World Press Freedom Day the UN General Assembly in 1993 following a Recommendation adopted at the twenty-sixth session of UNESCO's General Conference in 1991.
It serves as an occasion to inform citizens of violations of press freedom - a reminder that in dozens of countries around the world, publications are censored, fined, suspended and closed down, while journalists, editors and publishers are harassed, attacked, detained and even murdered.
It is a date to encourage and develop initiatives in favour of press freedom, and to assess the state of press freedom worldwide.
It serves as a reminder to governments of the need to respect their commitment to press freedom and is also a day of reflection among media professionals about issues of press freedom and professional ethics. Just as importantly, World Press Freedom Day is a day of support for media which are targets for the restraint, or abolition, of press freedom. It is also a day of remembrance for those journalists who lost their lives in the exercise of their profession.
转载于：UNESCO 联合国教育、科学与文化组织
World Press Freedom Day 世界新闻自由日
"Freedom of expression is one of our most precious rights. It underpins every other freedom and provides a foundation for human dignity. Free, pluralistic and independent media is essential for its exercise."
UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon
and UNESCO Director-General Irina Bokova
Theme 2012: New Voices: Media Freedom Helping to Transform Societies
World Press Freedom Day was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in December 1993, following the recommendation of UNESCO's General Conference. Since then, 3 May, the anniversary of the Declaration of Windhoek is celebrated worldwide as World Press Freedom Day. It is an opportunity to:
- celebrate the fundamental principles of press freedom;
- assess the state of press freedom throughout the world;
- defend the media from attacks on their independence;
- pay tribute to journalists who have lost their lives in the line of duty.
The recent uprisings in some Arab States have highlighted the power of the media, the human quest for freedom of expression and the confluence of press freedom and freedom of expression through various traditional and new media.
This has given rise to an unprecedented level of media freedom. New media have enabled civil society, young people and communities to bring about massive social and political transformations by self-organizing, and engaging the global youth in the fight to be able to freely express themselves and the aspirations of their wider communities.
Yet, media freedom is fragile, and it is also not yet within the reach of everyone. Furthermore, as more reporting is transmitted online, more and more online journalists including bloggers are being harnessed, attacked and even killed for their work.
“表达自由是我们最为珍贵的一项权利。它是所有其他自由的支撑，也是人类尊严的基础。自由、多元和独立的媒体对于表达自由至关重要。”
——联合国秘书长潘基文先生与 教科文组织总干事伊琳娜·博科娃女士
在2012年5月3日世界新闻自由日的联合致辞
2012年主题：新的声音——媒体自由促进社会变革
- 庆祝新闻自由的基本原则；
- 在全球范围探讨新闻的自由度；
- 捍卫媒体的独立性；
- 对在工作中献出了生命的记者们表示敬意。
近期一些阿拉伯国家的动荡更加突出了媒体的力量、人类追求言论自由的愿望、及通过各种传统媒体和新媒体来表达新闻和言论自由的行动。
这使媒体的自由度达到一个前所未有的水平。民间社会、青年人和社区用新媒体来自我组织，让全球青年都能够自由地表达自己愿望，同时激励更广泛的社区参与，并带来巨大的社会和政治变革。
然而，媒体自由仍是脆弱的，它还尚未达到所有人。此外，随着越来越多的报道被发到网络上，更多的网上记者，包括博客博主因他们的工作而被诽谤、攻击甚至杀害。
转载于：United Nations 联合国
Tuesday, May 1, 2012
Tales of A Tiger Mother
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| Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother by Amy Chua. |
By Dora Cheok
Amy tells Reader’s Digest Asia that she’s a little bewildered about how her book has struck so many nerves in the US.
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| Tiger Mom: Amy Chua |
Amy Chua: No. I did not think it would be. I thought it was going to be much more universal because it’s a memoir about struggles all parents have. I don’t think it would have been controversial at all if it wasn’t for the Wall Street Journal headline that was called, “Why Chinese Mothers are Superior”. I don’t think people would have gotten upset over one person’s story. In fact, now that people are actually starting to read the book, I’m getting lovely e-mails from people who say, “Oh I was so mad at you after reading the Wall Street Journal article, but now that I’ve read the whole book, I love it”.
We all want to raise happy kids. We all have different ideas on how we want to do this. We all make mistakes and hopefully try to learn from them. I knew it would be a little provocative, but I certainly didn’t think it was going to be like this. My Dad said, “Oh Amy, nobody’s going to read this book. You’re not a famous person, why would anyone want to read your memoir!”
What do your parents think about the entire furore created by your book?
You can’t believe how wonderful my parents are. Before I published the book, my mother told me how un-Chinese the book was because it was so personal. But she actually loved the book. I would have never published the book if anyone in my family had been upset with it. This is the Asian part of me. My mother, father, three sisters, two daughters and my husband cleared every single line.
But my mother is right – a Chinese person would never publish [this book]. It’s so public. I think that Chinese people are much more private. Now that the book is out, my parents are the biggest supporters. I’m so lucky to have such supportive parents. They have encouraged me throughout all of this. My Dad said to me that someday people are going to realise how it’s changing the international dialogue. He’s very proud of me.
In your book you say, “You have to be hated sometimes by someone you love . . . and there’s just no letting up, no point where at which it suddenly becomes easy”. These sentiments are echoed by many mothers across Asia. There’s still very much the belief here that sparing the rod will lead to a spoilt child. What’s your view on really strict parenting?
I think a lot of Western parents don’t want to be hated. The prospect terrifies them. To Westerners, my book is saying, “Look, it’s not so bad to be a little strict and not give your kids too many choices”. In the west, there’s so much emphasis on creativity and freedom and letting your kids do whatever they want. But in countries like Singapore, China and Korea, where in some ways the normal upbringing is already very strict, the message of my book is sort of the opposite, that you shouldn’t be that strict.
My children grew up with one Western parent. My husband doesn’t believe in raising his voice with the kids and we don’t spank. They were really raised in a half Asian family. My book’s message is that we should try to find the balance. I believe that when children are little, you should restrict their choices. I like the traditional Chinese way. Respect authority and don’t just let them watch TV all the time. I don’t think kids under the age of ten can make good choices. I don’t think you can let kids who are five or six pursue their passions because that would mean they would be playing video games all day. But once they start to get older, the lesson I learnt with Lulu (Amy’s second daughter) is that you have to start listening to them. You have to start giving them more choices and more freedom. I really think it’s important to find a balance.
Sometimes I think we’re too strict about the choices we give them. When I was little, my parents really only wanted me to be a scientist or a doctor; they had never even heard of law school. I think even these days if you were to tell your mother you want to be a fashion designer, or an artist or a writer, a lot of Asian parents would be alarmed because they don’t think that’s a secure career. I like the strict Chinese way of discipline, hard work and academics when children are young. But when they’re older, you have to convey love to your child, you have to listen to your child and really strike that balance between creativity, choice and freedom on the one hand, which the west is very good at, and on the other hand, drilling, hard work and self discipline, which I think traditional Chinese parenting is very good at.
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| The family today with their Samoyeds. Photo: Amy Chua |
Yes. A Western upbringing tends to stress questioning authority, which is always asking why, why, why. A teacher will give an assignment and the way my husband and I react is very different. I will say, “Do everything the teacher says. Don’t question it, just do it.” Whereas my husband would say, “Why are they asking that question? That’s such a stupid question.” I think striking the best of both worlds is really what the book should stand for.
I think the Western emphasis on creativity may have gone too far. You give a little kid a piece of paper and say, “Hey, be creative”. I think that doesn’t make sense because you need to have the foundations first. I think it’s really silly to say, “Oh, let’s be creative with Maths.” Of course, you need to know how to multiply and divide and do all the basics first. On the other hand, in Asia, there’s too much emphasis on memorisation and drilling. I find that my Asian students in law school have trouble coming up with creative paper ideas.
Why do you think there was so much initial backlash about expecting nothing less than the best from your child? You say this again and again – don’t think your child can’t achieve. Here in Asia, that’s a given. Why score a ‘B’ when you can get an ‘A’?
I know! I’m shocked. I’ve been so surprised. My parents came to the US and they always told me that this is the land of opportunity. This is the country where you should try your best and you have to strive for excellence. I would say that actually half the people in the US, now that they’ve read the book, actually agree with me. But I think the first reason for the backlash is that there was a lot of misunderstanding in the west by people who have not actually read the book. When they saw the Wall Street Journal article, they got really defensive and angry. They didn’t realise the book is a memoir and they didn’t realise that the book is supposed to be funny. That list (see box), which is supposed to be tongue-in-cheek and ironic, was completely misinterpreted.
The second reason I think is that there’s so a lot of insecurity in the west right now about China rising and whether the shift of power is moving to Asia. Coincidently, that article came out the week that the president of China was visiting the US. It was also the week when the OECD’s Program for International Student Assessment results were disclosed. Asian countries like China, Hong Kong, Korea and Singapore topped science, reading and mathematics scores. The United States came in 17th in science, 14th in reading and 25th in mathematics.
I think I tapped into a double insecurity. Firstly, about the concerns of Asia rising and America falling and secondly, an insecurity we all have – are we doing the right thing with our kids? In the west, it’s not the case that all our kids are happy. There are very high rates of depression, teens on medication, and low self-esteem. There are lots of kids who do drugs and teenagers getting pregnant. There’s a real worry about our children and the timing sort of created this explosion. I was shocked. I went around trying to explain. I felt very misunderstood. I’m proud of the way I raised my kids but I do believe that there are many good ways of raising children. My husband came out great and he was raised by a very liberal family.
How have Sophia and Lulu handled this?
Much better than I have. My kids are so strong. Their friends and teachers have supported them. They are able to go look on the Internet – I can’t – and find all these nice things and say, “Don’t worry, here’s a good one Mummy”.
I find it incredibly unfair. Some parents let their kids sleep at other people’s houses, where they drink alcohol, watch TV for hours and God knows what else. But if you say you have to get all ‘As’ and practice the violin for two hours, then they consider that abusive. That upsets me. My kids grew up in a loving household. My kids and I are very close. I wonder if some of the permissive parents who are criticising me are even close to their kids. My kids have been 100 percent supportive. There were some very harsh words directed at me. And it’s because of my children and my husband, my parents and sisters, that I was able to pull through. In some ways, I think this is evidence in favour of how I’ve raised my kids that they supported me so well.
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| Baking with the girls when they're young. Photo: Amy Chua |
I think it’s something that’s missing from some Western parenting, but I wouldn’t say all. I got so many e-mails from Western parents saying they were very strict, how they’d do homework with their children and how they thought an ‘A minus’ wasn’t good enough either. There are a lot of Western parents that actually parent the same way I do.
But there’s also a significant proportion of the population, maybe more than half, that are much more permissive and they also don’t do the work. They don’t sit down with their kids. They tell them to go run and explore. Go have a play date. Go have a sleepover. And then they attack me for not letting them have a sleepover.
It’s so much easier to let your child have a sleepover. You send them to someone else’s house for eight hours instead of spending that time with them. My kids are often mad at me. But I also know that deep down they know the amount of effort and sacrifice I put in.
Battle Hymn is a very personal affair between yourself and your daughters. How does your husband fit into this?
My husband is an incredibly strong personality. He didn’t want to be a prominent character in my book, partly because he is such a strong person. My husband was always there in the background, asserting his views. He would say, “OK, our kids will do two hours of violin practice, but on the weekends we are going to the lake. We are going hiking.” I think my kids were raised openly with an emphasis on exploration. I hate dangerous things like scuba diving or skydiving. My husband has always made our kids do those things. He was a very strong presence in bringing balance to the family.
We never really had fights when the kids were young because he agreed with me that we should be strict. My husband loved his family but he regretted that his own parents weren’t stricter with him. For example my husband doesn’t play a musical instrument. He can’t read music very well. He wishes that he had been made to learn a musical instrument. He also wishes that somebody would have forced him to pick up a second language. As an adult, it’s very difficult to learn a second language. My kids speak fluent Mandarin and he supported me with this. When my daughter Lulu rebelled, my husband was the one that stepped in and said that something had changed and that we had to make some adjustments. I was very lucky that together we prevented a crisis.
From: Reader's Digest Asia : Tales of A Tiger Mother
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| Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother (Chinese Edition)《我在美国做妈妈》 |
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